a look into the developed tools and techniques
partaking in bioprinting medical solutions.
rastrum.
This bioprinting machine, produced by Inventia, is a simple platform built to create 3D cell models in standard well plates, used to accelerate drug discovery and biomedical research with the power of biomedical research with the power of digital bioprinting.
DESIGN:
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Enough flexibility to design your experiment, without having to waste time with 3D modeling or hydrogel engineering.
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Incredibly easy and automated printing workflow to create your 3D cell model efficiently and reproducibly.
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It's printed 3D cell models are compatible with standard culture and analysis.
stereolithography.
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Stereolithography is a method of 3D fabrication that uses a laser to cure a photosensitive resin, creating a model.
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SLA (Stereolithography Apparatus) and SL (Stereolithography) refers to this process, and can also be described as optical fabrication.
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Compared to other extrusion based printing techniques, SLA maintains a higher print quality and can form more complex shapes.
BioCAD and BioCAM by RegenHU.
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“Computer Aided Design” software, also know as BioCAD, allows for the formation of 3D models of organs or bioscaffolds.
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This “Computer Aided Manufacturing” software or BioCAM allows tissue engineers to create tool-paths for RegenHU bioprinters, allowing for the implementation of multiple materials and the adjusting of print settings.
BioBots: BioBot1.
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This is a syringe based extrusion with blue light/UV curing. This specific bioprinter prints in agarose, collagen, alginate, and polyethylene glycol which is very useful in the making of functional tissues and organs.
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Consumer products are available for $10,000.
RegenHU 3D Discovery
+ Bio Factory.
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This specific bioprinter focuses on syringe based extrusion and it prints in bio and osteo inks.
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Although it can bioprint a variety of structures, the main focus of this machine is to function as a bioprinter for bones and bone tissues.
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It is priced starting at $200,000 and above and it originated in Switzerland.
nanotechnology.
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This is used to induce the growth of certain specialized stem cells for the body.
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An example of this would be when stem cells are placed on a patterned nanotech surface that makes them grow into a specialized cell.
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Stem cells are genetically reprogrammed and modified so when they are transplanted certain genes are turned off and some are turned back on during the gene-modifying process. Genes that cause diseases in the body are turned off in stem cells, so the disease does not manifest in the body.
CRISPR Cas-9 Gene Editing.
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CRISPR gene editing technology can be used to modify stem cells to remove the chance of immune rejection.
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This technology can also be used to control the organization of human-induced pluri-potent stem cells (hiPSCs) from adults to grow new organs.
Artificial scaffolds have been applied and used as a supporting structure for cell cultures and domination of cell growth in repair of impaired tissues or organs. During the cell regeneration, the scaffold temporarily helps in cell regeneration and gradually degrades either in the course of the healing process or after, and a new tissue with a desired shape and properties is produced. This degradability property of the scaffold obviates the need to remove the material later and thus, eliminates the side effects resulting from foreign materials left in the body. Hence, the utilized scaffold should meet specific chemical, mechanical, and physical requirements to achieve cell diffusion and 3D tissues formation.
In scaffold fabrication, the extracellular matrix (ECM) has always received considerable attention among researchers because of its high biological compatibility, biological degradability, and the possibility of rapid remodeling in vivo. The ECM mainly consist of proteins, including collagen, fibrin, fibrinogen, gelatin, elastin, and polysaccharides, especially alginates, hyaluronic acid, cellulose, chitosan. This complex mixture offers mechanical and biochemical support to surrounding cells and controls their performance in regeneration. Most of these polymers are selected because their chemical properties can be modified by introducing various chemical moieties that produce derivatives possessing enhanced adhesion, crosslinking, and biodegradability properties. Therefore, creating biologically mimetic and functionalized scaffolds. Biologically active ECM is necessary in creating an in vivo-like microenvironment mimicking biological entities and stimulating cell-specific responses to lead to tissue regeneration and repair.